디스크 성능 측정 - fio

1. 패키지 설치

sudo apt install fio

2. fio 수행

fio --name=read_test --ioengine=sync --size=1G --numjobs=1 --runtime=1m --time_based --group_reporting  --output=read_test_result.txt

• --name: 작업의 이름을 지정
• --ioengine=sync: 랜덤 쓰기 작업을 수행
• --size=1G: 테스트할 파일 크기 (1GB)
• --numjobs=1: 동시에 실행할 작업의 수
• --runtime=1m: 1분 동안 테스트 실행
• --time_based: 시간 기반으로 테스트를 실행
• --group_reporting: 작업별 결과를 그룹화하여 보고

3. 수행 결과

read_test: (g=0): rw=read, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=sync, iodepth=1
fio-3.28
Starting 1 process
read_test: Laying out IO file (1 file / 1024MiB)

read_test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=98469: Fri Mar 28 13:08:48 2025
  read: IOPS=75.2k, BW=294MiB/s (308MB/s)(17.2GiB/60001msec)
    clat (nsec): min=851, max=98788k, avg=12547.93, stdev=576371.07
     lat (nsec): min=881, max=98788k, avg=12590.21, stdev=576371.02
    clat percentiles (nsec):
     |  1.00th=[    1012],  5.00th=[    1256], 10.00th=[    1288],
     | 20.00th=[    1288], 30.00th=[    1304], 40.00th=[    1304],
     | 50.00th=[    1320], 60.00th=[    1320], 70.00th=[    1336],
     | 80.00th=[    1480], 90.00th=[    2544], 95.00th=[    2608],
     | 99.00th=[    3056], 99.50th=[    3920], 99.90th=[   21376],
     | 99.95th=[ 2998272], 99.99th=[32374784]
   bw (  KiB/s): min=201088, max=540672, per=100.00%, avg=301007.64, stdev=52783.17, samples=119
   iops        : min=50274, max=135168, avg=75251.82, stdev=13195.79, samples=119
  lat (nsec)   : 1000=0.82%
  lat (usec)   : 2=86.79%, 4=11.91%, 10=0.34%, 20=0.04%, 50=0.03%
  lat (usec)   : 100=0.01%, 250=0.01%, 500=0.01%, 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%
  lat (msec)   : 2=0.01%, 4=0.02%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=0.02%
  lat (msec)   : 100=0.01%
  cpu          : usr=3.98%, sys=23.42%, ctx=3404, majf=0, minf=17
  IO depths    : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     submit    : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     complete  : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
     issued rwts: total=4509499,0,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
     latency   : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1

Run status group 0 (all jobs):
   READ: bw=294MiB/s (308MB/s), 294MiB/s-294MiB/s (308MB/s-308MB/s), io=17.2GiB (18.5GB), run=60001-60001msec

Disk stats (read/write):
    md0: ios=52871/100, merge=0/0, ticks=735759/7730, in_queue=743489, util=92.37%, aggrios=12386/346, aggrmerge=2746/5695, aggrticks=161839/9461, aggrin_queue=179685, aggrutil=82.99%
  sdd: ios=8524/335, merge=2001/5736, ticks=119851/8064, in_queue=134850, util=66.42%
  sdb: ios=8712/355, merge=1654/5688, ticks=98005/6872, in_queue=111045, util=60.12%
  sdc: ios=16251/340, merge=3515/5796, ticks=199724/11119, in_queue=220817, util=75.06%
  sda: ios=16057/357, merge=3817/5563, ticks=229779/11792, in_queue=252028, util=82.99%

• IOPS=75.2K
• Bandwidth=294 MB/s
• RAID 5로 구성된 무난한 속도가 나왔다