ubuntu에서 4개의 HDD를 raid 구성

1. 먼저 raid 구성을 위한 패키지를 설치한다

sudo apt install mdadm

2. 디스크 확인

fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 2.73 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors
Disk model: WCD WD30EFRX-68E
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/sdb: 2.73 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors
Disk model: WCD WD30EFRX-68E
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/sdc: 2.73 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors
Disk model: WCD WD30EFRX-68E
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/sdd: 2.73 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors
Disk model: WCD WD30EFRX-68E
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes

3. RAID 5 배열 생성

sudo mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd

mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.

4. RAID 상태 확인

sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0

/dev/md0:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Mar 28 02:45:31 2025
        Raid Level : raid5
        Array Size : 8790402048 (8.19 TiB 9.00 TB)
     Used Dev Size : 2930134016 (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
      Raid Devices : 4
     Total Devices : 4
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

     Intent Bitmap : Internal

       Update Time : Fri Mar 28 02:46:33 2025
             State : clean, degraded, recovering 
    Active Devices : 3
   Working Devices : 4
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 1

            Layout : left-symmetric
        Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : bitmap

    Rebuild Status : 0% complete

              Name : vtopia-WTR-PRO:0  (local to host vtopia-WTR-PRO)
              UUID : a2f3346c:8a06955e:5045941c:82faed59
            Events : 13

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8        0        0      active sync   /dev/sda
       1       8       16        1      active sync   /dev/sdb
       2       8       32        2      active sync   /dev/sdc
       4       8       48        3      spare rebuilding   /dev/sdd
vtopia@vtopia-WTR-PRO:~$ 

5. 파티션 생성

sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0

다소 시간이 걸린다

6. 마운트

sudo mkdir /hdd
sudo mount /dev/md0 /hdd

7. 마운트 확인

df -h

8. 자동 마운트 설정

아래 명령어로 UUID 파악

sudo blkid /dev/md0

아래 명령으로 부팅 시 자동 마운트 되게 설정

sudo nano /etc/fstab

# 아래 내용 추가
UUID=<your-uuid>  /mnt/raid  ext4  defaults  0  2